North Pilbara project (1995-2000)

• Objectives
• Background
• Overview
• Major achievements
• Publications
• Products
• Related links

      

Objectives

The objectives of the North Pilbara project were to provide the resources sector with timely and relevant new-generation geoscientific information to reduce investment risk. The objectives were met by an integrated geoscientific mapping program, supported by a craton-scale synthesis and advanced GIS by utilising

1. regional airborne magnetic, gamma ray spectrometric and gravity data,
2. remotely sensed multispectral images,
3. regional (1:100 000) and detailed geological and structural mapping, and
4. compilation of the geological characteristics of mineral deposits, combined with isotopic age data, mineral deposit descriptions, and geochemical data for igneous rocks.

The data were used to generate metallogenic and tectonic syntheses, and to develop empirical models of exploration for the North Pilbara. These programs enhanced exploration activity in the North Pilbara and so, increase the probability of significant mineral discoveries.

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Background

Results from the conclusion of this NGMA project highlighted fundamental tectonic and metallogenic differences between the mid Archaean Pilbara craton (3.65-2.8 Ga) and the late Archaean cratons (2.75-2.5 Ga), viz:

1. Presence of common mineral deposit types such as Sn-Ta pegmatites, porphyry Mo-Cu deposits and adularia-sericite epithermal Au deposits that are better known in Proterozoic or younger rocks, and are absent in the late Archaean cratons.
2. Multiple mineralising events over a period of 800 Ma (eg. 4VHMS events and 5 orogenic gold events) as opposed to the single, global events in the Neoarchaean (eg. 2710±20 Ma for VHMS and 2630±10 Ma for orogenic gold in the Eastern Goldfields, the Superior & Slave Provinces).
3. Phanerozoic-like characteristics for some deposit types in the Pilbara (eg significant Pb and baryte with calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in VHMS deposits).
4. Different regional controls on mineralisation (eg general lack of craton-scale shear zones which are first-order controls on orogenic gold deposits in the Eastern Goldfields and Superior Provinces).
5. Different crustal architecture of the Pilbara relative to late Archaean Provinces (eg the greenstone belts and the domal granitoids that they envelop both extend to greater depths (~14 km) in the Pilbara).

Exploration models and genetic interpretations of Archaean mineral deposits are largely based on late Archaean examples and therefore somewhat limited in application in the Pilbara. The aim of the Pilbara project has been to document these differences by providing regional thematic synthesis datasets so that more robust models can be developed to encompass the entire Archaean era. These datasets, together with our research into new exploration tools, will assist exploration in the Pilbara, and have applications to other terranes.

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Overview

The project began in 1995 and was completed in June 2000. Geoscience Australia's role focussed on developing a multidisciplinary understanding of the entire North Pilbara craton. Our activities included:

• Characterisation of North Pilbara's mineral deposits (especially Gold) and definition of ore vectors;
• Investigation of new exploration techniques;
• Acquisition, interpretation and presentation of geophysical data;
• Review and capture of existing data/information into a North Pilbara GIS and 1:1.5M scale atlas;
• Advanced Landsat-5-TM processing, interpretation and presentation;
• Specialist problem-solving fieldwork;
• Petrological and geochemical studies;
• Sm-Nd geochronology;
• Development of stratigraphic framework and tectonic models of crustal evolution;
• 1:100 000 geological mapping of the Wodgina and Wallaringa sheets;
• 3D modelling of the Pilbara.

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Major achievements

1. New Potential–Old Province
   Extensive areas of the Pilbara are presently exposed close to the c. 2765 Ma Hamersley Basin unconformity surface. This exceptional preservation significantly improves younger mineralising events of gold and possibly diamonds in the mostly older mid Archaean Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane. Newly documented areas of high-level (epithermal) systems preserved in west and far east Pilbara are related to NNW dextral faults and associated relay movements during early Fortescue extension (NW-SE). Epithermal veins cut 2765 Ma Opaline Well Granite, and similarly aged Gregory Range Granite. Epithermal veins are incorporated in NNW-trending Gidley Granophyre breccia dykes (2765 Ma).
2. New Exploration Tools
   The Pilbara project had significant success with alteration mapping using the HYMAP multispectral scanner, gamma ray spectrometrics, oxygen isotopes, and whole rock geochemistry. These tools were successful over the poorly exposed and calcretised Mallina-Indee gold prospects and over the well exposed Panorama VHMS district. The HYMAP data successfully mapped alteration minerals such as pyrophyllite, sericite, successfully separated Fe-chlorite from Mg-chlorite, and separated dolomite from calcite in calcrete. Several of the targets generated from the HYMAP image maps produced anomalous gold on subsequent analysis. Oxygen isotope mapping and conversion to palaeotemperatures in VHMS terrains can be used as an exploration tool. The temperatures define fluid pathways as vectors to ore and are predictors of metal deposition (Zn vs Cu). District-scale depletion of Zn and Cu was mapped with whole-rock geochemistry, and these depletion zones map the fluid pathways related to VHMS deposits. Regional Geoscience Australia gamma ray spectrometric data were used to map K-depletion anomalies associated with the Panorama alteration system.
3. Regional synthesis and GIS
   The project brought together a comprehensive set of digital themes for the entire Pilbara craton. These are stored in a project GIS, from which a set of derivative products were produced. These include a 1:1 500 000 scale colour atlas with 36 A3 pages, as well as a thematic series of 1:500 000 scale maps and images (print-on-demand or postscript files). A subset teaching GIS was produced. These datasets provide explorers with a suitable baseline and regional context for their exploration and target generation. The project documented the variety of mineral deposits – especially gold, VHMS, Sn-Ta, and high-level deposits, and produced databases (GIS) and Geoscience Australia Records. The diversity of the Pilbara gold was documented. A successful industry (June–July 1999) field trip was run to examine key deposits and relationships. A regional structural synthesis was conducted and a new deformation chronology and kinematics of some of the major shear zones produced. The advances include a better understanding of shear zone timing and movement senses, an improved understanding of the complexity of the polyphase deformation, recognition of the importance of horizontal compression as a tectonic driving force, and a clearer link between regional tectonics and mineral deposits (especially gold).
4. 3D geometry of the Pilbara
   3D mapping the entire Pilbara craton using gravity, magnetics and seismic refraction data resulted in the following new observations of the Pilbara Craton. Applications of the 3D knowledge include constraints on tectonic models, ideas on which are the important shear zones that transect the crust, estimates of depth and volumes of metal reservoirs and fluid pathways.
   • the craton is ovoid with dimensions of 600 × 550 km diameter, only 25% is exposed
   • the average crust depth is 30-32 km (thickening to the south), the mid crust is at 14 km
   • the greenstones are highly magnetic and extend to the base of the mid crust (14 km) and most granitoids have steep (vertical) contacts to the base of the mid crust (14 km)
   • more dense and faster lower crust, more dense and less magnetic crust in the northeast vs the northwest
   • major shear zones present in the northwest and the east, circular patterns of granitoids are everywhere except the far northwest.

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Publications

• 2002
• 2001
• 2000
• 1999
• 1998
• 1997

2002

• Bierwirth, P., Huston, D.L., and Blewett, R.S. 2002. Hyperspectral mapping of mineral assemblages associated with gold mineralisation in the West Pilbara. Economic Geology 97, 819-826.
• Blewett. R.S. 2002. Archaean tectonic processes: a case for horizontal shortening in the North Pilbara Granite-Greenstone Terrane, Australia. Precambrian Research. 113, 87-120.
• Blewett, R.S., Huston, D.L., Mernagh, T.P., Kamprad, J. 2002. Archaean mesothermal gold deposits of the southwest Mosquito Creek Belt, East Pilbara Tectonic Zone. Economic Geology. 97, 787-800.
• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Keillor, B., Standing, J., Smithies, R.H., Marshall, A.E., Mernagh, T.P., and Kamprad, J. 2002. Lode gold and epithermal deposits of the Mallina-Whim Creek Basin, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Economic Geology 97, 801-818.
• Huston, D.L., Sun, S.S., Blewett, R.S., Hickman, A.H., Van Kranendonk, M.J., Phillips, D., Baker, D., Brauhart, C. 2002. The timing of mineralization in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Economic Geology 97, 733-756.
• Huston, D.L., Brauhart, C.W., Drieberg, S.L., Davidson, G.J., and Groves, D.I., 2002, Metal leaching and inorganic sulfate reduction in volcanic-hosted massive sulfide mineral systems: Evidence from the Paleoarchaean Panorama district, Western Australia. Geology. 29, 687-690.

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2001

• Brauhart, C.W., Huston, D.L., Grove, D.I., Mikucki, E.J., and Gardoll, S.J. 2001. Geochemical Mass Transfer Patterns as Indicators of the Architecture of a Complete Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Hydrothermal Alteration System in the Panorama District, Pilbara, Western Australia. Economic Geology. 96, 1263-1278.
• Huston, D., Blewett R., Mernaugh, T., Sun, S. and Kamprad, J. Gold Deposits of the Pilbara Craton: Results of AGSO Research, 1998-2000. Geoscience Australia Recored 2001/10.
• Blewett, R.S. 2001. Evidence for mid Archaean continental collisions in the development of the dome-&-basin geology of the North Pilbara Craton. SGTSG Abstracts February 2001.
• Blewett, R.S. 2001. The tectonic framework and geological evolution of the Archaean Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane: integration of geology and geophysics. 4th International Archaean Symposium, Perth. Geoscience Australia Record 2001.
• Blewett, R.S. 2001., Huston, D.L., Champion, D.C. 2001. Highlights of the North Pilbara Project. Geoscience Australia Research Newsletter.
• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Sweetapple, M., Brauhart, C.W., Cornelius, H., Collins, P.L.F. 2001. Metallogenesis of the North Pilbara Terrane: an excursion guidebook. Geological Survey of Western Australia Record. 
• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Sun, S.S. 2001. Metallogenesis of the North Pilbara Terrain. 2001: a hydrothermal odyssey. Townsville, 17-19 May 2001.
• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Sun, S.S. 2001. Metallogenesis and tectonic evolution of the North Pilbara, Western Australia. 4th International Archaean symposium, Perth. Geoscience Australia Record 2001.
• Sims, J and Carson, L. 2001. The geology of the Mount Edgar and Corunna Downs igneous complexes; East Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Geoscience Australia Record 2001/35.

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2000

• Blewett, R.S. 2000. Horizontal vs Vertical tectonics and the dome-and-basin geometry of the Archaean Pilbara craton, Western Australia: Implications for Mineral deposits. Geological Society of Australia, 15th AGC, Abstracts 59, p.44.
• Blewett, R.S. and Wellman, P. 2000. Geophysical and tectonic framework of the Archaean Pilbara craton, Western Australia. Geoscience 2000 Symposium, Manchester UK. Abstract.
• Brauhart, C.W., Huston, D.L., and Andrew, A.S., 2000. Definition of regional alteration in the Panorama VMS district using oxygen isotope mapping: implications for the origin of the hydrothermal system and applications to exploration. Mineralium Deposita, 35, 727-740
• Cudahy T.J. et al. 2000. Mapping the Panorama VMS-style Alteration and Host Rock Mineralogy, Pilbara Block, using Airborne Hyperspectral VNIR-SWIR Data. CSIRO Exploration and Mining Report 661R, MERIWA Project M322. (CD dataset)
• Huston, D.L., Keillor, B., Marshall, A.E., Standing, J., Blewett, R.S. and Mernagh, T.P. 2000. Archaean epithermal deposits in the Pilbara craton, Western Australia. Geological Society of Australia, Abstracts 59, 242.
• Huston, D.L., Keillor, B., Standing, J., Blewett, R.S. and Mernagh, T.P. 2000. Epithermal deposits of the Central Pilbara tectonic zone, Pilbara Craton: Description and exploration significance. AGSO Research Newsletter 32, 34–39.
• Huston, D.L. Smithies, R.H. & Sun S.-S. 2000. Correlation of the Archaean Mallina-Whim Creek basin: Implications for base metal potential of the central part of the Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 47, 217-230
• Smithies, R.H. & Champion, D.C. 2000. The Archaean high-Mg diorite suite: links to tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) magmatism and tectonic implications. Journal of Petrology, 41, 1653-1671
• Wellman, P. 2000. Upper crust of the Pilbara Craton, Australia; 3D geometry of a granite/greenstone terrane. Precambrian Research, 104, 175-186
• Zumsprekel, H. & Prinz, T. 2000. Computer-enhanced multispectral remote sensing data: a useful tool for the geological mapping of Archaean terrains in (semi)arid environments. Computers & Geosciences 26, 87-100.

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1999

• Bierwirth, P. Blewett R.S. & Huston D.L. 1999. Finding new mineral prospects with HYMAP: early results from a hyperspectral remote sensing case study in the West Pilbara. AGSO Research Newsletter 31, 1-3.
• Blewett, R.S. & Huston D. L. 1999. Deformation and gold mineralisation of the Archaean Pilbara Craton Western Australia. AGSO Research Newsletter 30, 12-15.
• Blewett, R.S. & Huston D. L. 1999. Structural controls of Archaean gold in the North Pilbara Craton Western Australia. Geological Society of Australia Abstract Series 53, 15-16.
• Champion, D.C. & Smithies R. H. 1999. Archaean granites of the Yilgarn and Pilbara Cratons Western Australia: Secular changes. The Origin of Granites and Related Rocks 4^th Hutton Symposium BRGM Documents 290, 137.
• Huston, D.L. Kamprad J. & Brauhart C. 1999. Definition of high-temperature alteration zones with PIMA: an example from the Panorama VHMS district central Pilbara Craton. AGSO Research Newsletter 30, 10-12.
• Smithies, R.H. & Champion D.C. 1998. Secular compositional changes in Archaean granitoid rocks of the west Pilbara. West Australian Geological Survey Annual Review 1997-98, 71-76.
• Smithies, R. H. & Champion D.C. 1999. Archaean high-Mg diorite (sanukitoid) suite Pilbara Craton Western Australia. The Origin of Granites and Related Rocks 4th Hutton Symposium BRGM Documents 290, 190.
• Smithies, R. H. & Champion D.C. 1999. High-Mg diorite from the Archaean Pilbara Craton characteristics petrogenesis and possible links to gold mineralisation. Annual Review 1998-99 in press.
• Sun, S-s. & Hickman A.H. 1999. Geochemical characteristics of ca 3.0 Ga Cleaverville greenstones and later mafic dykes West Pilbara: implication for Archaean crustal accretion. AGSO Research Newsletter 31, 25-29.
• Wellman, P. 1999. Granitoid complexes and greenstone belts in the Pilbara Craton interpreted to extend down to the mid-crustal boundary at 14km. AGSO Research Newsletter 30, 15-17.
• Wellman, P. 1999. Gamma ray spectrometric data: Modelling to map primary lithology. Exploration Geophysics, 30, 167-172.

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1998

• Champion, D.C., Smithies, H. 1998. Archaean granites of the Yilgarn and Pilbara Cratons. The Bruce Chappell Symposium, Granites, Island Arcs, the Mantle and ore Deposites. Geoscience Australia Record 1998/33 pp24-25
• Huston, D.L., Brauhart, C.W., Wellman, P., Andrew, A., 1998. Gamma ray spectrometric and oxygen-isotope mapping of regional alteration halos in massive sulphide districts: an example from Panorama, central Pilbara Craton. Geoscience Australia Research Newsletter 29, 14-16.
• Ratajkoski, M., Blewett, R.S., Wellman, P. 1998. A proposed GIS package for teaching integration of Geology with image interpretation of remote sensed data - based on an area in the Archaean Pilbara craton. Geological Society of Australia. Abstracts, No.49 p.371.
• Sun, S-s and Hickman, A.H. 1998. New Nd-isotopic and geochemical data from the west Pilbara: implications for Archaean crustal accretion and shear zone movement. AGSO Research Newsletter 28, 25-28.
• Van Kranendonk, M.J. 1998. Timing and tectonic significance of Late Archaean, sinistral strike-slip deformation in the Central Pilbara Structural Corridor, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Precambrian Research - Special Issue on the Pilbara, 88, 207-232.
• Wellman, P. 1998. Gamma ray spectrometric data: modelling to map primary lithology and later chemical mobilisation. AGSO Research Newsletter 28, 1-4.
• Wellman, P. and Blewett, R.S. 1998. Mapping of Granites using remotely sensed data. Geological Society of Australia. Abstracts No.49 p.463.
• Wellman, P. 1998. Mapping of a granite batholith using geological and remotely sensed data: the Mount Edgar Batholith, Pilbara Craton. Exploration Geophysics, 29, 643-648.

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1997

• Glikson, A.Y. 1997. Mineral mapping in the North Pilbara craton: A directed principal components of band ratios method for correlating Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper spectral data with geology. Australian Geological Survey Organisation, Research Newsletter, 26, 1-4.

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Products

• Geological Maps - 1:100 000 scale
• Landsat-TM-5
• Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Complexes
• Geophysics
• Regional Maps 1:500 000 scale
• 1:250 000 Magnetic Maps
• 1:250 000 scale gamma ray Maps
• Economic Geology
• Structural Geology
• Geochemistry
• Atlas
• GIS

Geological maps - 1:100 000 scale.

• Blewett, R.S., Champion, D.C., Smithies, R.H., Farrell, T., and Thost, D. 2001. Wodgina WA 1:100 000 geological sheet 2655. Western Australia Geological Survey.
• Smithies, R.H., Champion, D.C., and Blewett, R.S. 2001. Wallaringa WA 1:100 000 geological sheet 2656. Western Australia Geological Survey.

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Landsat-TM-5

• Glikson, A.Y. 1997. 1:100 000 scale enhanced Landsat-5-TM images (51 in total) with explanatory notes. Not available.
• Glikson, A.Y. 1997. Explanatory Notes for a Landsat-5-TM image series according to an RGB directed principal components/band ratio formula North Pilbara craton, Western Australia. Australian Geological Survey Organisation, Record 1997/20, 11p.
• Macias, L. 1998. 1:500 000 scale enhanced Landsat-5-TM image map North Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Australian Geological Survey Organisation. (digital data as ERMapper BIL file). Not available.
• Glikson, A.Y. 1998. Landsat-5-Thematic Mapper spectral-lithological correlations, northern Pilbara craton, Western Australia. Australian Geological Survey Organisation, Record 1998/22.

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Layered mafic-ultramafic complexes

• Hoatson, D.M., Wallace, D.A., Sun, S-s., Simpson, C.J. and Keays, R.R. 1993. Layered intrusions of the Pilbara Block. Geoscience Australia Bulletin 242. Not available.

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Geophysics

• Wellman, P. Interpretation of regional geophysics of the Pilbara Craton, northwest Australia. Geoscience Australia Record 1999/4, 55p.

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Regional maps 1:500 000 scale

The following 1:500 000 scale maps are available as print-on-demand maps. Please contact the sales centre if you require this service.

• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson, L.M., 1997. Total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) with northeast illumination colour pixel-image map of the Pilbara Region, WA, scale 1:500 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Milligan, P.R. Minty, B.R.S., Franklin, R. and Mackey, T.E. 1999. Airborne gamma ray spectrometric colour composite pixel image map of the Pilbara region WA, scale 1:500 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Blewett, R.S., Wellman, P. Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Solid geology map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gold distribution map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Other metals and minerals distribution map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P., Blewett, R.S., Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. First vertical derivative of total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) greyscale pixel-image map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P., Blewett, R.S., Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Geophysical interpretation of near surface features map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P., Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Residual gravity anomaly image map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P., Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Short wavelength magnetic relief image map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. First vertical derivative of total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) greyscale pixel-image map with gravity colour. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gradient enhanced pseudocolour topography image map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. First vertical derivative topography image. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. 3D shape of Granitoid complexes thematic map. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric red-green-blue image showing low concentrations of K-Th-U. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - chemical map.  Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - felsic igneous rocks - C1. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - felsic igneous rocks - C2. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - felsic igneous rocks - types. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - intermediate rocks and sediments - C1. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - intermediate rocks and sediments - C2. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - intermediate rocks and sediments - C3. Scale 1:500 000. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - mafic igneous rocks - C1.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - mafic igneous rocks - C2.
• Wellman, P.,  Ratajkoski, M. 2001. North Pilbara synthesis series. Gamma ray spectrometric data - mafic igneous rocks - C3.

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1:250 000 Magnetic maps

• Mackey, T.E., 1997. Total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) with northeast illumination colour pixel-image map of Nullagine/Yarrie, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E., 1997. First vertical derivative of total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) greyscale pixel-image map of Nullagine/Yarrie, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson, L.M., 1997. Total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) with westerly illumination colour pixel-image map of Marble Bar, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson L.M., 1997. East-west gradient of first vertical derivative of total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) greyscale pixel-image map of Marble Bar, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson, L.M., 1997. Total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) with northwest illumination colour pixel-image map of Port Hedland, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson L.M., 1997. Fractional vertical derivative of total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) greyscale pixel-image map of Port Hedland, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson, L.M., 1997. Total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) with northwest illumination colour pixel-image map of Roebourne/Pyramid, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson L.M., 1997. Fractional vertical derivative of total magnetic intensity (reduced to the pole) greyscale pixel-image of Roebourne/Pyramid, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.

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1:250 000 scale gamma ray maps

• Mackey, T.E., 1997. Airborne gamma ray spectrometry colour composite pixel-image map of Nullagine/Yarrie, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.
• Mackey, T.E. and Richardson L.M., 1997. Airborne gamma ray spectrometry colour composite pixel-image map of Marble Bar, WA, scale 1:250 000, Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Not available.

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Economic geology

• Huston, D.L., Blewett, R.S., Mernagh, T., Sun S-s., and Kamprad, J. 2001. Gold Deposits of the Pilbara Craton: Results of Geoscience Australia Research, 1998-2000. Geoscience Australia Record 2001/04.
• Blewett, R.S (compiler). 2000. Facsimile copy of the Aerial Geological and Geophysical Survey of Northern Australia (AGGSNA) Reports (1 to 26, 28, 46, 48, 51 to 59) for Western Australia (Pilbara Goldfield). Geoscience Australia Record (CD) 2000/05.
• Marshall, A.E. 2000. Low temperature-low pressure ('epithermal') vein deposits of the North Pilbara granite-greenstone terrane, Western Australia. Geoscience Australia Record 2000/1 40p.
• Sweetapple, M.T., 2001. Characteristics of Sn-Ta-Be-Li-Industrial Mineral Deposits of the Archaean Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Geoscience Australia Record 2000/44. 54p.
• Huston D.L. 1997. Reconnaissance Economic Geology Studies for 1996 North Pilbara NGMA project. AGSO Record 1997/13, 48p. Not available.
• Huston D.L. Kamprad J. & Brauhart C.W. 1997. Preliminary results of PIMA analyses of the alteration zone underlying the Sulphur Springs deposit Panorama district Pilbara Block Western Australia. Geoscience Australia Record 1997/14.

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Structural geology

• Van Kranendonk, M.J. 1997. Results of field mapping, 1994-1996, in the North Shaw and Tambourah 1:100 000 Sheet areas, eastern Pilbara craton, northwestern Australia. Australian Geological Survey Organisation, Record 1997/23, 44p. Abstract
• Blewett, R.S., 2000. North Pilbara 'Virtual' Structural Field Trip. Geoscience Australia Record 2000/45.

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Geochemistry

• Wyborn, L.A.I. 1995. ROCKCHEM - Pilbara Block digital dataset and Record. Geoscience Australia Record 1995/026. Not available.

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Atlas

• Blewett, R.S., Wellman, P., Ratajkoski, M., and Huston, D.L. 2000. Atlas of North Pilbara Geology and Geophysics (1:1.5 million scale). Geoscience Australia Record 2000/4.

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GIS

• Ratajkoski, M., Blewett, R.S., Wellman, P. and Huston, D.L., 2000. The North Pilbara Project Synthesis GIS, v1.0, CD#1 and 2. Australian Geological Survey Organisation.
• East Pilbara 1:250 000 scale Digital Geological maps (Port Hedland, Yarrie, Marble Bar, Nullagine) in ArcView, ArcInfo, MapInfo and ArcExplorer (CD contains all formats)
• Ratajkoski, M. Blewett, R.S. and Wellman, P. 1999. The north east Pilbara GIS Teaching Package v1.0. Geoscience Australia.

Related links

• Take a look at the Pilbara gravity movie
• Abstract of the north Pilbara virtual structural field trip
• Introduction of the north Pilbara virtual structural field trip
• Buy the north Pilbara virtual field trip on CD